STM32F0的低功耗模式

詳細內容見參考手冊—Power control (PWR)

在STM32應用中，為了降低功耗共有以下三種工作模式：

Sleep mode 

CPU clock off, all peripherals including ARM? Cortex?-M0 core peripherals like NVIC, SysTick, etc. are kept running.. 

In Sleep mode, only the CPU is stopped. All peripherals continue to operate and can wake up the CPU when an interrupt/event occurs.

Stop mode 

all clocks are stopped 

(Stop mode achieves very low power consumption while retaining the content of SRAM and registers. All clocks in the 1.8 V domain are stopped, the PLL, the HSI RC and the HSE crystal oscillators are disabled. The voltage regulator can also be put either in normal or in low power mode. 

The device can be woken up from Stop mode by any of the EXTI lines. The EXTI line source can be one of the 16 external lines and RTC.)

Standby mode 

1.8V domain powered-off 

The Standby mode is used to achieve the lowest power consumption. The internal 

voltage regulator is switched off so that the entire 1.8 V domain is powered off. The 

PLL, the HSI RC and the HSE crystal oscillators are also switched off. After entering Standby mode, SRAM and register contents are lost except for registers in the RTC domain and Standby circuitry. 

The device exits Standby mode when an external reset (NRST pin), an IWDG reset, a rising edge on the WKUP pins, or an RTC event occurs.

備注： 

The RTC, the IWDG, and the corresponding clock sources are not stopped by entering Stop or Standby mode.

另外，在正常工作模式（Run mode）下，可以通過以下方法有效降低功耗：

降低系統時鐘（system clocks）

關閉不需要的APB和AHB外設時鐘

三種低功耗模式對比 

官網參考資料

STM32F0-參考手冊–>6 Power control (PWR) 

RM0360 Reference manual STM32F030x4/x6/x8/xC and STM32F070x6/xB 

STM32F0-數據手冊–>3.5 Power management 

DS9773 STM32F030x4 STM32F030x6 STM32F030x8 

STM32F0-編程手冊–>2.5 Power management 

PM0215 STM32F0xxx單片機編程手冊 

STM32F0-應用筆記 

如何使用USART或LPUART從低功耗模式喚醒STM32F0 / F3 / L0 / L4微控制器

官方參考代碼

應用平臺：STM32F030

main.c

#include "stm32f0xx.h"

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

uint8_t DataReceived = 0;

extern __IO uint8_t InterruptCounter;

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/

static void USART_Config(void);

static void WakeUp_StartBitMethod(void);

static void RestoreConfiguration(void);

/**

  * @brief   Main program

  * @param  None

  * @retval None

  */

int main(void)

{    

  /* Initialize LEDs available  ***********************************************/

  STM_EVAL_LEDInit(LED);

  /* USART configuration */

  USART_Config();

  /* Wake up from USART STOP mode by Start bit Method */

  WakeUp_StartBitMethod();

  /* Configure SystemClock*/

  RestoreConfiguration();

  /* Configure and enable the systick timer to generate an interrupt each 1 ms */

  SysTick_Config((SystemCoreClock / 1000));

  while (1)

  {}

}

/**

  * @brief  Start Bit Method to Wake Up USART from Stop mode Test.

  * @param  None

  * @retval None

  */

static void WakeUp_StartBitMethod(void)

{ 

  /* Configure the wake up Method = Start bit */ 

  USART_StopModeWakeUpSourceConfig(USART1, USART_WakeUpSource_StartBit);

  /* Enable USART1 */ 

  USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);

  /* Before entering the USART in STOP mode the REACK flag must be checked to ensure the USART RX is ready */

  while(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_REACK) == RESET)

  {}

  /* Enable USART STOP mode by setting the UESM bit in the CR1 register.*/

  USART_STOPModeCmd(USART1, ENABLE);

  /* Enable the wake up from stop Interrupt */ 

  USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_WU, ENABLE);   

  /* Enable PWR APB clock */

  RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_PWR, ENABLE);

  /* Enter USART in STOP mode with regulator in low power mode */

  PWR_EnterSTOPMode(PWR_Regulator_LowPower, PWR_STOPEntry_WFI);

  /* Waiting Wake Up interrupt */

  while(InterruptCounter == 0x00)

  {}

  /* Disable USART peripheral in STOP mode */ 

  USART_STOPModeCmd(USART1, DISABLE);

  while(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_RXNE) == RESET)

  {}

  DataReceived = USART_ReceiveData(USART1);

  /* Clear the TE bit (if a transmission is on going or a data is in the TDR, it will be sent before efectivelly disabling the transmission) */

  USART_DirectionModeCmd(USART1, USART_Mode_Tx, DISABLE);

  /* Check the Transfer Complete Flag */

  while (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TC) == RESET)

  {}

  /* USART Disable */

  USART_Cmd(USART1, DISABLE);

}

/**

  * @brief Configure the USART Device

  * @param  None

  * @retval None

  */

static void USART_Config(void)

{ 

  USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;

  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure; 

  NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;

  /* Enable GPIO&USART clock */

  RCC_AHBPeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHBPeriph_GPIOA , ENABLE);  

  RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE);

  /* Configure the HSI as USART clock */

  RCC_USARTCLKConfig(RCC_USART2CLK_HSI);

  /* USARTx Pins configuration **************************************************/  

  /* Connect pin to Periph */

  GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA, GPIO_PinSource9, GPIO_AF_1);    

  GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA, GPIO_PinSource10, GPIO_AF_1); 

  /* Configure pins as AF pushpull */

  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9 | GPIO_Pin_10;

  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF;

  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;

  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP;

  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_NOPULL;

  GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); 

  /* USARTx configured as follow:

  - BaudRate = 115200 baud  

  - Word Length = 8 Bits

  - Stop Bit = 1 Stop Bit

  - Parity = No Parity

  - Hardware flow control disabled (RTS and CTS signals)

  - Receive and transmit enabled

  */

  USART_DeInit(USART1);

  USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 115200;

  USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;

  USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;

  USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;

  USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;

  USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;

  USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);

  /* USART2 IRQ Channel configuration */

  NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQn;

  NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPriority = 0x01;

  NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;

  NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

}

/**

  * @brief  Restore peripheral config before entering STOP mode.

  * @param  None

  * @retval None

  */

static void RestoreConfiguration(void)

{

  __IO uint32_t StartUpCounter = 0, HSEStatus = 0;

  /* SYSCLK, HCLK, PCLK configuration ----------------------------------------*/    

  /* Enable HSE */    

  RCC_HSEConfig(RCC_HSE_ON);

  /* Wait till HSE is ready and if Time out is reached exit */

  HSEStatus = RCC_WaitForHSEStartUp();

  if (HSEStatus == (uint32_t)0x01)

  {

    /* Enable Prefetch Buffer */

    FLASH_SetLatency(FLASH_Latency_1);

    /* HCLK = SYSCLK */

    RCC_HCLKConfig(RCC_SYSCLK_Div1); 

    /* PCLK = HCLK */

    RCC_PCLKConfig(RCC_HCLK_Div1);

    /*  PLL configuration:  = HSE *  6 = 48 MHz */

    RCC_PREDIV1Config(RCC_PREDIV1_Div1);

    RCC_PLLConfig(RCC_PLLSource_PREDIV1, RCC_CFGR_PLLMULL6);

    /* Enable PLL */

    RCC_PLLCmd(ENABLE);

    /* PLL as system clock source */

    RCC_SYSCLKConfig(RCC_SYSCLKSource_PLLCLK);

  } 

}

stm32f0xx_it.c

/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#include "stm32f0xx_it.h"

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

__IO uint8_t InterruptCounter = 0x00;

__IO uint8_t Counter = 0;

/**

  * @brief  This function handles SysTick Handler.

  * @param  None

  * @retval None

  */

void SysTick_Handler(void)

{  

  if (Counter == 20)

  {

    /* Toggle LED's */

    STM_EVAL_LEDToggle(LED);

    /* Reset Counter */

    Counter = 0;

  }

  else

  {

    /* increment Counter */

    Counter++; 

  }

}

/**

* @brief  This function handles USART interrupt request.

* @param  None

* @retval None

*/

void USART1_IRQHandler(void)

{

  if (USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_WU) == SET)

  { 

    /* Clear The USART WU flag */  

    USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART1, USART_IT_WU);

    InterruptCounter = 0x01;

  }

}

實際參考代碼

然而，在STM32F030中不能配置為USART的start位喚醒。

#define USART_IT_WU ((uint32_t)0x00140316) /*!< Not available for STM32F030 devices */

解決辦法，配置USART的接收非空中斷：USART_IT_RXNE