一、使用proteus繪制簡(jiǎn)單的電路圖，用于后續(xù)仿真

二、編寫程序

/********************************************************************************************************************

---- @Project: LED-74HC595

---- @File: main.c

---- @Edit: ZHQ

---- @Version: V1.0

---- @CreationTime: 20200529

---- @ModifiedTime: 20200529

---- @Description: 第1個(gè)至第8個(gè)LED燈一直不亮。在第9個(gè)至第16個(gè)LED燈，依次逐個(gè)

---- 亮燈并且每次只能亮一個(gè)燈。每按一次獨(dú)立按鍵S13鍵，原來(lái)運(yùn)行的跑馬燈會(huì)暫停，原

---- 來(lái)暫停的跑馬燈會(huì)運(yùn)行。用S1來(lái)改變方向，用S5和S9來(lái)改變速度。

---- 單片機(jī)：AT89C52

********************************************************************************************************************/

#include "reg52.h"

/*——————宏定義——————*/

#define FOSC 11059200L

#define T1MS (65536-FOSC/12/1000)   /*1ms timer calculation method in 12Tmode*/

#define const_voice_short 80 /*蜂鳴器短叫的持續(xù)時(shí)間*/

#define const_key_time1 40

#define const_key_time2 40

#define const_key_time3 40

#define const_key_time4 40

/*——————變量函數(shù)定義及聲明——————*/

/*定義74HC595*/

sbit Hc595_Sh = P2^3;

sbit Hc595_St = P2^4;

sbit Hc595_Ds = P2^5;

/*定義蜂鳴器*/

sbit Beep = P2^7;

/*定義按鍵*/

sbit Key_S1 = P0^0; /*定義按鍵S1，對(duì)應(yīng)S1*/

sbit Key_S2 = P0^1; /*定義按鍵S2，對(duì)應(yīng)S5*/

sbit Key_S3 = P0^2; /*定義按鍵S3，對(duì)應(yīng)S9*/

sbit Key_S4 = P0^3; /*定義按鍵S4，對(duì)應(yīng)S13*/

sbit Key_Gnd = P0^4; /*定義按鍵模擬地*/

unsigned char ucLED1 = 0;   /*代表16個(gè)燈的亮滅狀態(tài)，0代表滅，1代表亮*/

unsigned char ucLED2 = 0;

unsigned char ucLED3 = 0;

unsigned char ucLED4 = 0;

unsigned char ucLED5 = 0;

unsigned char ucLED6 = 0;

unsigned char ucLED7 = 0;

unsigned char ucLED8 = 0;

unsigned char ucLED9 = 0;

unsigned char ucLED10 = 0;

unsigned char ucLED11 = 0;

unsigned char ucLED12 = 0;

unsigned char ucLED13 = 0;

unsigned char ucLED14 = 0;

unsigned char ucLED15 = 0;

unsigned char ucLED16 = 0;

unsigned char ucLed_update = 0;  /*刷新變量。每次更改LED燈的狀態(tài)都要更新一次。*/

unsigned char ucLedStep_01_08 = 0; /*第1個(gè)至第8個(gè)LED跑馬燈的步驟變量*/

unsigned int  uiTimeCnt_01_08 = 0; /*第1個(gè)至第8個(gè)LED跑馬燈的統(tǒng)計(jì)定時(shí)中斷次數(shù)的延時(shí)計(jì)數(shù)器*/

unsigned char ucLedStep_09_16 = 0; /*第9個(gè)至第16個(gè)LED跑馬燈的步驟變量*/

unsigned int  uiTimeCnt_09_16 = 0; /*第9個(gè)至第16個(gè)LED跑馬燈的統(tǒng)計(jì)定時(shí)中斷次數(shù)的延時(shí)計(jì)數(shù)器*/

unsigned char ucLedStatus16_09 = 0;   /*代表底層74HC595輸出狀態(tài)的中間變量*/

unsigned char ucLedStatus08_01 = 0;   /*代表底層74HC595輸出狀態(tài)的中間變量*/

unsigned char ucKeySec = 0; /*被觸發(fā)的按鍵編號(hào)*/

unsigned int uiKeyTimeCnt1 = 0; /*按鍵去抖動(dòng)延時(shí)計(jì)數(shù)器*/

unsigned char ucKeyLock2 = 0; /*按鍵觸發(fā)后自鎖的變量標(biāo)志*/

unsigned int uiKeyTimeCnt2 = 0; /*按鍵去抖動(dòng)延時(shí)計(jì)數(shù)器*/

unsigned char ucKeyLock3 = 0; /*按鍵觸發(fā)后自鎖的變量標(biāo)志*/

unsigned int uiKeyTimeCnt3 = 0; /*按鍵去抖動(dòng)延時(shí)計(jì)數(shù)器*/

unsigned char ucKeyLock1 = 0; /*按鍵觸發(fā)后自鎖的變量標(biāo)志*/

unsigned int uiKeyTimeCnt4 = 0; /*按鍵去抖動(dòng)延時(shí)計(jì)數(shù)器*/

unsigned char ucKeyLock4 = 0; /*按鍵觸發(fā)后自鎖的變量標(biāo)志*/

unsigned int uiVoiceCnt = 0; /*蜂鳴器鳴叫的持續(xù)時(shí)間計(jì)數(shù)器*/

unsigned int uiSetTimeLevel_09_16 = 300; /*速度變量，此數(shù)值越大速度越慢，此數(shù)值越小速度越快。*/

unsigned char ucLedDirFlag = 0; /*方向變量，把按鍵與跑馬燈關(guān)聯(lián)起來(lái)的核心變量,0代表正方向，1代表反方向*/

unsigned char ucLedStartFlag = 1; /*啟動(dòng)和暫停的變量，0代表暫停，1代表啟動(dòng)*/

/**

* @brief  定時(shí)器0初始化函數(shù)

* @param  無(wú)

* @retval 初始化T0

**/

void Init_T0(void)

{

TMOD = 0x01;                    /*set timer0 as mode1 (16-bit)*/

TL0 = T1MS;                     /*initial timer0 low byte*/

TH0 = T1MS >> 8;                /*initial timer0 high byte*/

}

/**

* @brief  外圍初始化函數(shù)

* @param  無(wú)

* @retval 初始化外圍

**/

void Init_Peripheral(void)

{

ET0 = 1;/*允許定時(shí)中斷*/

TR0 = 1;/*啟動(dòng)定時(shí)中斷*/

EA = 1;/*開(kāi)總中斷*/

}

/**

* @brief  初始化函數(shù)

* @param  無(wú)

* @retval 初始化單片機(jī)

**/

void Init(void)

{

Key_Gnd = 0;

Beep = 1;

Init_T0();

}

/**

* @brief  延時(shí)函數(shù)

* @param  無(wú)

* @retval 無(wú)

**/

void Delay_Long(unsigned int uiDelayLong)

{

   unsigned int i;

   unsigned int j;

   for(i=0;i   {

      for(j=0;j<500;j++)  /*內(nèi)嵌循環(huán)的空指令數(shù)量*/

          {

             ; /*一個(gè)分號(hào)相當(dāng)于執(zhí)行一條空語(yǔ)句*/

          }

   }

}

/**

* @brief  延時(shí)函數(shù)

* @param  無(wú)

* @retval 無(wú)

**/

void Delay_Short(unsigned int uiDelayShort)

{

   unsigned int i;

   for(i=0;i   {

; /*一個(gè)分號(hào)相當(dāng)于執(zhí)行一條空語(yǔ)句*/

   }

}

/**

* @brief  掃描按鍵

* @param  無(wú)

* @retval 放在定時(shí)中斷里

**/

void Key_Scan(void)

{

if(Key_S1 == 1) /*IO是高電平，說(shuō)明按鍵沒(méi)有被按下，這時(shí)要及時(shí)清零一些標(biāo)志位*/

{

ucKeyLock1 = 0;

uiKeyTimeCnt1 = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock1 == 0) /*有按鍵按下，且是第一次被按下*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt1 ++; /*累加定時(shí)中斷次數(shù)*/

if(uiKeyTimeCnt1 > const_key_time1)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt1 = 0;

ucKeyLock1 = 1; /*自鎖按鍵置位,避免一直觸發(fā)*/

ucKeySec = 1;

}

}

if(Key_S2 == 1) /*IO是高電平，說(shuō)明按鍵沒(méi)有被按下，這時(shí)要及時(shí)清零一些標(biāo)志位*/

{

ucKeyLock2 = 0;

uiKeyTimeCnt2 = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock2 == 0) /*有按鍵按下，且是第一次被按下*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt2 ++; /*累加定時(shí)中斷次數(shù)*/

if(uiKeyTimeCnt2 > const_key_time2)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt2 = 0;

ucKeyLock2 = 1; /*自鎖按鍵置位,避免一直觸發(fā)*/

ucKeySec = 2;

}

}

if(Key_S3 == 1) /*IO是高電平，說(shuō)明按鍵沒(méi)有被按下，這時(shí)要及時(shí)清零一些標(biāo)志位*/

{

ucKeyLock3 = 0;

uiKeyTimeCnt3 = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock3 == 0) /*有按鍵按下，且是第一次被按下*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt3 ++; /*累加定時(shí)中斷次數(shù)*/

if(uiKeyTimeCnt3 > const_key_time3)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt3 = 0;

ucKeyLock3 = 1; /*自鎖按鍵置位,避免一直觸發(fā)*/

ucKeySec = 3;

}

}

if(Key_S4 == 1) /*IO是高電平，說(shuō)明按鍵沒(méi)有被按下，這時(shí)要及時(shí)清零一些標(biāo)志位*/

{

ucKeyLock4 = 0;

uiKeyTimeCnt4 = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock4 == 0) /*有按鍵按下，且是第一次被按下*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt4 ++; /*累加定時(shí)中斷次數(shù)*/

if(uiKeyTimeCnt4 > const_key_time4)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt4 = 0;

ucKeyLock4 = 1; /*自鎖按鍵置位,避免一直觸發(fā)*/

ucKeySec = 4;

}

}

}

/**

* @brief  按鍵服務(wù)的應(yīng)用程序

* @param  無(wú)

* @retval 無(wú)

**/

void Key_Service(void)

{

switch(ucKeySec) /*按鍵服務(wù)狀態(tài)切換*/

{

case 1: /*改變跑馬燈方向的按鍵，對(duì)應(yīng)S1*/

if(ucLedDirFlag == 0) /*通過(guò)中間變量改變跑馬燈的方向*/

{

ucLedDirFlag = 1;

}

else

{

ucLedDirFlag = 0;

}

uiVoiceCnt = const_voice_short; /*按鍵聲音觸發(fā)，滴一聲就停。*/

ucKeySec = 0; /*響應(yīng)按鍵服務(wù)處理程序后，按鍵編號(hào)清零，避免一致觸發(fā)*/

break;

case 2:

if(uiSetTimeLevel_09_16 >= 50)

{

uiSetTimeLevel_09_16 = uiSetTimeLevel_09_16 - 10;

}

else /*最快限定在50*/

{

uiSetTimeLevel_09_16 = 50;

}

uiVoiceCnt = const_voice_short;

ucKeySec = 0;

break;

case 3:

if(uiSetTimeLevel_09_16 <= 550)

{

uiSetTimeLevel_09_16 = uiSetTimeLevel_09_16 + 10;

}

else /*最快限定在550*/

{

uiSetTimeLevel_09_16 = 550;

}

uiVoiceCnt = const_voice_short;

ucKeySec = 0;

break;

case 4:

if(ucLedStartFlag == 1) /*啟動(dòng)和暫停兩種狀態(tài)循環(huán)切換*/

{

ucLedStartFlag = 0;

}

else

{

ucLedStartFlag = 1;

}

uiVoiceCnt = const_voice_short;

ucKeySec = 0;

break;

}

}

/**

* @brief  595驅(qū)動(dòng)函數(shù)

* @param  無(wú)

* @retval * 兩個(gè)聯(lián)級(jí)74HC595的工作過(guò)程：

* 每個(gè)74HC595內(nèi)部都有一個(gè)8位的寄存器，兩個(gè)聯(lián)級(jí)起來(lái)就有兩個(gè)寄存器。ST引腳就相當(dāng)于一個(gè)刷新

* 信號(hào)引腳，當(dāng)ST引腳產(chǎn)生一個(gè)上升沿信號(hào)時(shí)，就會(huì)把寄存器的數(shù)值輸出到74HC595的輸出引腳并且鎖存起來(lái)，

* DS是數(shù)據(jù)引腳，SH是把新數(shù)據(jù)送入寄存器的時(shí)鐘信號(hào)。也就是說(shuō)，SH引腳負(fù)責(zé)把數(shù)據(jù)送入到寄存器里，ST引腳

* 負(fù)責(zé)把寄存器的數(shù)據(jù)更新輸出到74HC595的輸出引腳上并且鎖存起來(lái)。

**/

void HC595_Drive(unsigned char ucLedStatusTemp16_09, unsigned char ucLedStatusTemp08_01)

{

unsigned char i;

unsigned char ucTempData;

Hc595_Sh = 0;

Hc595_St = 0;

ucTempData = ucLedStatusTemp16_09; /*先送高8位*/

for(i = 0; i < 8; i ++)

{

if(ucTempData >= 0x80)

{

Hc595_Ds = 1;

}

else

{

Hc595_Ds = 0;

}

Hc595_Sh = 0; /*SH引腳的上升沿把數(shù)據(jù)送入寄存器*/

Delay_Short(15); 

Hc595_Sh = 1;

Delay_Short(15);

ucTempData = ucTempData <<1;

}

ucTempData = ucLedStatusTemp08_01; /*再先送低8位*/

for(i = 0; i < 8; i ++)

{

if(ucTempData >= 0x80)

{

Hc595_Ds = 1;

}

else

{

Hc595_Ds = 0;

}

Hc595_Sh = 0; /*SH引腳的上升沿把數(shù)據(jù)送入寄存器*/

Delay_Short(15); 

Hc595_Sh = 1;

Delay_Short(15);

ucTempData = ucTempData <<1;

}

Hc595_St = 0; /*ST引腳把兩個(gè)寄存器的數(shù)據(jù)更新輸出到74HC595的輸出引腳上并且鎖存起來(lái)*/

Delay_Short(15);

Hc595_St = 1;

Delay_Short(15);

Hc595_Sh = 0; /*拉低，抗干擾就增強(qiáng)*/

Hc595_St = 0;

Hc595_Ds = 0;

}

/**

* @brief  LED更新函數(shù)

* @param  無(wú)

* @retval 

* 把74HC595驅(qū)動(dòng)程序翻譯成類似單片機(jī)IO口直接驅(qū)動(dòng)方式的過(guò)程。

* 每次更新LED輸出，記得都要把ucLed_update置1表示更新。

**/

void LED_Update()

{

if(ucLed_update == 1)

{

ucLed_update = 0; /*及時(shí)清零，讓它產(chǎn)生只更新一次的效果，避免一直更新。*/

if(ucLED1 == 1)

{

ucLedStatus08_01 = ucLedStatus08_01 | 0x01;

}

else

{

ucLedStatus08_01 = ucLedStatus08_01 & 0xfe;

}

if(ucLED2 == 1)

{

ucLedStatus08_01 = ucLedStatus08_01 | 0x02;

}

else

{

ucLedStatus08_01 = ucLedStatus08_01 & 0xfd;

}

if(ucLED3 == 1)

{

ucLedStatus08_01 = ucLedStatus08_01 | 0x04;

}

else

{

ucLedStatus08_01 = ucLedStatus08_01 & 0xfb;

}

if(ucLED4 == 1)

{

ucLedStatus08_01 = ucLedStatus08_01 | 0x08;

}

else

{

ucLedStatus08_01 = ucLedStatus08_01 & 0xf7;

}

if(ucLED5 == 1)

{

ucLedStatus08_01 = ucLedStatus08_01 | 0x10;

}

else

{

ucLedStatus08_01 = ucLedStatus08_01 & 0xef;

}

if(ucLED6 == 1)

{

ucLedStatus08_01 = ucLedStatus08_01 | 0x20;

}

else

{

ucLedStatus08_01 = ucLedStatus08_01 & 0xdf;

}

if(ucLED7 == 1)

{

ucLedStatus08_01 = ucLedStatus08_01 | 0x40;

}

else

{

ucLedStatus08_01 = ucLedStatus08_01 & 0xbf;

}

if(ucLED8 == 1)

{

ucLedStatus08_01 = ucLedStatus08_01 | 0x80;

}

else

{

ucLedStatus08_01 = ucLedStatus08_01 & 0x7f;

}

if(ucLED9 == 1)

{

ucLedStatus16_09 = ucLedStatus16_09 | 0x01;

}

else

{

ucLedStatus16_09 = ucLedStatus16_09 & 0xfe;

}

if(ucLED10 == 1)

{

ucLedStatus16_09 = ucLedStatus16_09 | 0x02;

}

else

{

ucLedStatus16_09 = ucLedStatus16_09 & 0xfd;

}

if(ucLED11 == 1)

{

ucLedStatus16_09 = ucLedStatus16_09 | 0x04;

}

else

{

ucLedStatus16_09 = ucLedStatus16_09 & 0xfb;

}

if(ucLED12 == 1)

{

ucLedStatus16_09 = ucLedStatus16_09 | 0x08;

}

else

{

ucLedStatus16_09 = ucLedStatus16_09 & 0xf7;

}

if(ucLED13 == 1)

{

ucLedStatus16_09 = ucLedStatus16_09 | 0x10;

}

else

{

ucLedStatus16_09 = ucLedStatus16_09 & 0xef;

}

if(ucLED14 == 1)

{

ucLedStatus16_09 = ucLedStatus16_09 | 0x20;

}

else

{

ucLedStatus16_09 = ucLedStatus16_09 & 0xdf;

}

if(ucLED15 == 1)

{

ucLedStatus16_09 = ucLedStatus16_09 | 0x40;

}

else

{

ucLedStatus16_09 = ucLedStatus16_09 & 0xbf;

}

if(ucLED16 == 1)

{

ucLedStatus16_09 = ucLedStatus16_09 | 0x80;

}

else

{

ucLedStatus16_09 = ucLedStatus16_09 & 0x7f;

}

HC595_Drive(ucLedStatus16_09, ucLedStatus08_01);

}

}

///**

//* @brief  LED服務(wù)函數(shù)

//* @param  無(wú)

//* @retval 無(wú)

//**/

//void LED_Flicker_01_08(void)